Ethylene gas is an organic compound composed of two carbon atoms and four hydrogen atoms, with a chemical formula of C2H4. It is one of the world's largest-volume chemicals, mainly used in the production of polyethylene plastics and various other chemicals. The structure of ethylene determines its properties and uses. Ethylene is an important organic chemical raw material with the following properties:
I. Physical properties of ethylene gas
Appearance: Ethylene is a colorless, slightly odorous gas at room temperature and pressure.
Density: The density of ethylene is slightly lower than that of air, which is 1.25g/L under standard conditions.
Solubility: It is insoluble in water and easily soluble in organic solvents such as carbon tetrachloride.
II. Chemical properties of ethylene gas
1. Oxidation reaction
Combustion: Ethylene burns in the air with a bright flame and accompanied by black smoke, generating carbon dioxide and water. This is because the mass fraction of carbon in ethylene is high, and the combustion is incomplete, producing black smoke.
Decolorize acidic potassium permanganate solution: Ethylene can be oxidized by acidic potassium permanganate solution, causing the acidic potassium permanganate solution to decolorize. This reaction can be used to identify substances such as ethylene and alkanes.
2. Addition reaction
Ethylene molecules contain carbon-carbon double bonds and are prone to addition reactions. For example:
Addition with bromine water: Ethylene reacts with bromine water to make the bromine water fade. This reaction can be used to test the presence of ethylene.
Addition with hydrogen: Ethylene reacts with hydrogen under the action of a catalyst to produce ethane.
Addition with hydrogen chloride: Ethylene reacts with hydrogen chloride to produce ethyl chloride.
Addition with water: Ethylene reacts with water under certain conditions to produce ethanol.
3. Polymerization reaction
Ethylene can undergo polymerization under certain conditions to produce polyethylene. Polyethylene is an important plastic that is widely used in daily life and industrial production.
Ethylene plays an important role in industrial production and is mainly used to produce chemical products such as polyethylene, ethylene oxide, and ethylbenzene. At the same time, ethylene is also a plant growth regulator and has certain applications in agricultural production.
English
日本語
한국어
Россия
Français
España
عرب .
Português
Deutsch
भारत
Nederlands
